Energy Performance Certificates

Introduction to EPCs:

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) is a document which states the energy efficiency of a building based on the standardised way that the building is used. Carbon dioxide (CO2) ratings are shown in bandings from A to G, with A being the least polluting. For dwellings cost-based ratings are also shown with bandings from A to G indicating the least running costs. The main focus of the EPC is the amount of CO2 that is estimated to be released from the building. The performance of the building is benchmarked against current building standards and recommends cost effective improvements. The EPC must be fixed to the building and will be valid for a period of up to ten years (subject to not being sold or rented in that time).

EPCs are now required for all new buildings constructed after 1 May 2007 as well as buildings when constructed, sold or rented out, including homes, public sector buildings and business premises will require an Energy Performance Certificate. The timetable for the introduction of EPCs in Scotland was as follows (see also http://www.sbsa.gov.uk/).

Category	Date of Introduction
Construction	1 May 2007
Sale (dwellings)	1 December 2008
Sale (non-dwellings)	4 January 2009
Rental	4 January 2009
Public buildings	Must be on display by 4 January 2009

Context:

Buildings are responsible for nearly 50% of energy consumption within the UK as well as a significant proportion of UK carbon emissions. Therefore using energy efficiently is a critically important step towards reducing carbon. Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) have been introduced to promote efficient energy use in buildings.

Recognising the impact that building energy use has on the environment the EU “Energy Performance of Buildings Directive” was introduced with the objectives to promote the improvement of the energy performance of buildings within the EU through the measurement and reporting of energy standards and the promotion of cost effective recommended upgrade options. The requirement for EPCs emerged as a result of the European Union Directive 2002/91/EC which aims to reduce the CO2 emissions of the EU by 8% by 2010. The UK has an obligation under the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) to promote efficient use of energy in new and existing buildings.

The UK demonstrates compliance with the European directive via implementing requirements for Energy Performance Certificates to be produced in specific cases for specific buildings.