Behavioural and developmental needs
Children with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are often highly selective in their food choices. This is a recognised characteristic of ASD and should not be mistaken for fussiness or difficult behaviour. Many children with ASD seek structure, routine, and predictability in their daily lives, including during mealtimes.
In addition, the dining environment can be overwhelming due to sensory sensitivities - such as loud noises, strong smells, bright lights, and the textures or tastes of certain foods. As a result, mealtimes can be a source of significant stress.
It may not be realistic to expect children with ASD to immediately adapt to standard healthy and nutritionally balanced school menus. Supporting dietary change in these children is a gradual process that requires patience, consistency, and a sensitive approach.
To achieve the best outcomes, a collaborative effort is essential. Caterers, learning support staff, parents, and pupils should work together to create a practical, phased plan for dietary improvement that respects the child’s individual needs and experiences.
Children with communication difficulties
Some children may struggle with reading but respond positively to visual cues. Others can read but find it challenging to imagine what a particular food will look or taste like. To support all children in making informed and confident meal choices, it is important to provide clear and appealing visual representations of the available food options.
Picture menus are available upon request by emailing special.diets@highland.gov.uk.
Selective eaters
The term ‘selective eater’ refers to children whose diets are significantly restricted due to diagnosed psychological or developmental conditions. For example, some children on the Autism Spectrum may experience intense anxiety around trying new foods and may have extremely limited diets.
In such cases, bringing a packed lunch from home is often the most suitable option. However, there may be opportunities for these children to participate in school meals on days when the kitchen can make small, manageable adjustments to the menu.
For children who regularly bring packed lunches, it may also be helpful to offer small ‘taster’ portions of school menu items alongside their usual food, to gently encourage dietary expansion over time.
It is important to note that the term ‘selective eater’ is not used to describe children who are simply fussy or picky eaters without an underlying condition.